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Grapes are the fruit of the Vitis (grapevine) plant, often referred to as one of the 12 basic types of grape vines from which most of the world's wines are made. Formerly the wines were labeled in the area where the grapes were grown, but later the number of producers grew so much that the marking was reduced to the grape variety. Grapes are a type of fruit that grows in clusters of 15 to 300, and can be red, black, dark blue, yellow, green, orange and pink. The "white" grapes are actually green, and evolutionarily derived from purple grapes. A mutation in both regulatory white grape genes excludes the production of anthocyanin, which is responsible for the color of purple grapes. [1] Antocyanins and other pigmentary chemicals from a large family of polyphenols in purple grapes are responsible for the various shades of purple in red wines. [2] [3] Grains of grapes have typical elliptical shapes, which resemble an expanded spheroid.